Tomato Cultivation Malayalam
Tomato, (Solanum lycopersicum), flowering plant of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), cultivated extensively for its safe to eat fruits. Labelled as a vegetable for dietary functions, tomatoes are a very good supply of nutrition C and the phytochemical lycopene. The end result are usually eaten raw in salads, served as a cooked vegetable, used as an ingredient of numerous prepared dishes, and pickled. Additionally, a large percent of the arena’s tomato crop is used for processing; products include canned tomatoes, tomato juice, ketchup, puree, paste, and “solar-dried” tomatoes or dehydrated pulp.
Physical Description And Cultivation
Tomato vegetation are normally a lot branched, spreading 60–180 cm (24–72 inches) and fairly trailing when fruiting, however some paperwork are compact and upright. Leaves are greater or much less hairy, strongly odorous, pinnately compound, and as much as 45 cm (18 inches) long. The 5-petaled flora are yellow, 2 cm (zero.Eight inch) across, pendant, and clustered. Fruits are berries that change in diameter from 1.5 to 7.Five cm (zero.6 to three inches) or greater. They are usually purple, scarlet, or yellow, although inexperienced and purple types do exist, and that they range in shape from nearly round to oval and elongate to pear-formed. Each fruit includes at the least cells of small seeds surrounded by way of jellylike pulp.
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The plant calls for quite heat climate and plenty sunlight; it is grown chiefly in hothouses in cooler climates. Tomatoes are commonly staked, tied, or caged to preserve the stems and fruits off the ground, and steady watering is vital to avoid blossom-quit rot and cracking of the culmination. The flowers are vulnerable to a number of pests and illnesses, which include bacterial wilt, early blight, mosaic virus, Fusarium wilt, nematodes, and tomato hornworms. Many of these troubles can be managed with crop rotation, the use of fungicides and pesticides, and the planting of resistant sorts. The tiny currant tomato (S. Pimpinellifolium) is a closely associated species and has been used by breeders to hybridize numerous pest- and disorder-resistant tomato types.
The wild species originated inside the Andes Mountains of South America, likely specially in Peru and Ecuador, and is thought to were domesticated in pre-Columbian Mexico; its call is derived from the Náhuatl (Aztec) word tomatl. The tomato was delivered to Europe through the Spanish within the early sixteenth century, and the Spanish and Italians seem to had been the first Europeans to undertake it as a food. In France and northern Europe the tomato became initially grown as an decorative plant and changed into seemed with suspicion as a food due to the fact botanists diagnosed it as a relative of the poisonous belladonna and lethal nightshade. Indeed, the roots and leaves of the tomato plant are poisonous and incorporate the neurotoxin solanine.
The Italians called the tomato pomodoro (“golden apple”), which has given rise to hypothesis that the primary tomatoes acknowledged to Europeans were yellow. It has been counseled that the French referred to as it pomme d’amour (“love apple”) as it become thought to have aphrodisiacal homes. Some pupils assert, however, that the tomato turned into at the start taken to be a form of eggplant, of which it’s far a near relative. The eggplant turned into known as pomme des Mours (“apple of the Moors”) because it changed into a fave vegetable of the Arabs, and pomodoro and pomme d’amour can be corruptions of that name.
